See kovati in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "kovat"
},
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "kout"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*kewh₂-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kewh₂-"
],
[
"*kauˀ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/kauˀ-"
],
[
"*kovati",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kovati"
],
[
"*kovati",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kovati"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*kovati",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kewh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *kowh₂-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *kauˀ-der.\nProto-Slavic *kovati\nOld Czech kovati\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*kowh₂-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kewh₂-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*kauˀ-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*kovati\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Czech\", \"term\" : \"kovati\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-ocs\" }\" data-lang=\"zlw-ocs\" data-title=\"kovati\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *kovati.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kewh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *kowh₂-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *kauˀ-der.\nProto-Slavic *kovati\nOld Czech kovati\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *kovati.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "zlw-ocs-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "V",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kovati",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kovat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "kovánie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "zlw-ocs-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "V",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kuju",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kujevě (-va)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kujem (-me/-my)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kujvě (-va)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kujme (-my)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuješ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kujeta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kujete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kuj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kujta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kujte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kuje",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kujeta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kujú",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kuj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kujta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kujte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "zlw-ocs-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "V",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kovach",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kovachově (-va)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kovachom (-me/-my)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kovách",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kujiech",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kováchově",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "kujiechově (-va)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "kováchom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kujiechom (-me/-my)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kova",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kovasta (-šta)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kovaste (-šte)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kováše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kujieše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kovášta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kujiešta (-sta)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kovášte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kujiešte (-ste)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kova",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kovasta (-šta)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kovachu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kováše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kujieše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kovášta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kujiešta (-sta)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kováchu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kujiechu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "zlw-ocs-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "V",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "koval",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"l-participle",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kovala",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"l-participle",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "kovali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"l-participle",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kován",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kována",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kováni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kovala",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"l-participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kovale",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"l-participle"
]
},
{
"form": "kovaly",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"l-participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kována",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kováně",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kovány",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kovalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"l-participle",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kovale",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"l-participle",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "kovala",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"l-participle",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kováno",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kováně",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kována",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "zlw-ocs-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "V",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kujě",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kujúce",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kovav",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kovavše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kujúci",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kujúce",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kovavši",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kovavše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kujě",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kujúci",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kujúce",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kovav",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kovavši",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kovavše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "zlw-ocs-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "V",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"a": "impf"
},
"expansion": "kovati impf",
"name": "zlw-ocs-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"2": "tr",
"3": "5d"
},
"name": "zlw-ocs-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Czech entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Czech entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Czech entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Czech terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kov"
},
{
"word": "kovadlina"
},
{
"word": "kovadlník"
},
{
"word": "kovatel"
},
{
"word": "kovač"
},
{
"word": "kovárna"
},
{
"word": "kovář"
},
{
"word": "podkova"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
10
]
],
"english": "to prepare a betrayal",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "kovati zradu",
"translation": "to prepare a betrayal",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to forge, to hammer"
],
"id": "en-kovati-zlw-ocs-verb-nV4DuZ9t",
"links": [
[
"forge",
"forge"
],
[
"hammer",
"hammer"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkoʋaci/",
"note": "13ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkovaci/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "kovati"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "kov"
},
{
"word": "kovadlina"
},
{
"word": "kovadlník"
},
{
"word": "kovatel"
},
{
"word": "kovač"
},
{
"word": "kovárna"
},
{
"word": "kovář"
},
{
"word": "podkova"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "kovat"
},
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "kout"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*kewh₂-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kewh₂-"
],
[
"*kauˀ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/kauˀ-"
],
[
"*kovati",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kovati"
],
[
"*kovati",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kovati"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*kovati",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kewh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *kowh₂-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *kauˀ-der.\nProto-Slavic *kovati\nOld Czech kovati\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*kowh₂-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kewh₂-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*kauˀ-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*kovati\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Czech\", \"term\" : \"kovati\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-ocs\" }\" data-lang=\"zlw-ocs\" data-title=\"kovati\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *kovati.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kewh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *kowh₂-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *kauˀ-der.\nProto-Slavic *kovati\nOld Czech kovati\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *kovati.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "zlw-ocs-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "V",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kovati",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kovat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "kovánie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "zlw-ocs-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "V",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kuju",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kujevě (-va)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kujem (-me/-my)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kujvě (-va)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kujme (-my)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuješ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kujeta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kujete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kuj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kujta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kujte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kuje",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kujeta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kujú",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kuj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kujta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kujte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "zlw-ocs-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "V",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kovach",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kovachově (-va)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kovachom (-me/-my)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kovách",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kujiech",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kováchově",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "kujiechově (-va)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "kováchom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kujiechom (-me/-my)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kova",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kovasta (-šta)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kovaste (-šte)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kováše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kujieše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kovášta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kujiešta (-sta)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kovášte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kujiešte (-ste)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kova",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kovasta (-šta)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kovachu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kováše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kujieše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kovášta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kujiešta (-sta)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kováchu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kujiechu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "zlw-ocs-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "V",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "koval",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"l-participle",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kovala",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"l-participle",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "kovali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"l-participle",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kován",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kována",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kováni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kovala",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"l-participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kovale",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"l-participle"
]
},
{
"form": "kovaly",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"l-participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kována",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kováně",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kovány",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kovalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"l-participle",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kovale",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"l-participle",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "kovala",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"l-participle",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kováno",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kováně",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kována",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "zlw-ocs-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "V",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kujě",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kujúce",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kovav",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kovavše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kujúci",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kujúce",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kovavši",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kovavše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kujě",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kujúci",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kujúce",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kovav",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kovavši",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kovavše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "zlw-ocs-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "V",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"a": "impf"
},
"expansion": "kovati impf",
"name": "zlw-ocs-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"2": "tr",
"3": "5d"
},
"name": "zlw-ocs-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Czech class 5 verbs",
"Old Czech entries with etymology texts",
"Old Czech entries with etymology trees",
"Old Czech entries with etymon",
"Old Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Czech imperfective verbs",
"Old Czech lemmas",
"Old Czech terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Old Czech terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Czech terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kewh₂-",
"Old Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Czech terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Czech terms with collocations",
"Old Czech verbs",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
10
]
],
"english": "to prepare a betrayal",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "kovati zradu",
"translation": "to prepare a betrayal",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to forge, to hammer"
],
"links": [
[
"forge",
"forge"
],
[
"hammer",
"hammer"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkoʋaci/",
"note": "13ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkovaci/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "kovati"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kovati meaning in Old Czech (12.5kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nt-participle'",
"path": [
"kovati"
],
"section": "Old Czech",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "kovati",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 's-participle'",
"path": [
"kovati"
],
"section": "Old Czech",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "kovati",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Czech dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.